Field performance metric(s) optimization

Introduction: In contrast to methods for monitoring physical vital signs, such as pulse, respiration rate, and body temperature, the ability monitor molecules indicative of health or performance status has greatly lagged. Specifically, until recently, technologies able specific in real-time were limited detection only a few metabolites (glucose, lactate, oxygen) no hormones protein biomarkers. This is because all prior molecular relied on chemical enzymatic reactivity their targets generate signal, rendering it impossible generalize them new targets. Methods: Human technological prowess notwithstanding, arbitrary continuous solved problem: human body, example, utilizes hundreds receptors that respond quantitatively cues without exploiting reactivity. To achieve this, nature invented two critical “tricks.” The first combinatorial chemistry biopolymers (proteins, nucleic acids), with which can high-affinity, high-specificity against almost any water-soluble target. second use conformation-linked signalling, binding target molecule alters shape receptor, producing turn an easily detected output1,2. Motivated by these arguments, recent advances biosensors have exploited same tricks. Results: Using biomolecules high-performance our growing understanding biomolecular physics re-engineering they undergo binding-induced conformational changes, field enabled, time, high-frequency, measurement living bodies via approach agnostic thus be generalized targets3,4. Discussion/conclusions: newly achieved continuously provides unprecedented opportunities both identify biomarkers correlative real-time. Acknowledgements: Biosensor research Prof. Plaxco’s group at UCSB been supported U.S. Office Naval Research NIH. References 1Lubin AA, Plaxco KW. Folding-based electrochemical biosensors: case responsive acid architectures. Acc Chem Res 2010; 43:496–505. https://doi.org/10.1021/ar900165x 2Plaxco KW, Soh HT. Switch based towards real-time, vivo detection. Trends Biotech 2011; 29:1-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2010.10.005 3Arroyo-Curras N, Somerson J, Vieira P, et al. Real-time small awake, ambulatory animals. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2017; 114:645–650. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1613458114 4Idili A, Gerson Kippin T, Seconds-resolved, situ measurements plasma phenylalanine disposition rats. Anal 2021; 93:4023-4032. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.0c05024